Refractive Errors
What are Refractive errors?
Refractive errors, such as myopia (where light focuses in front of the retina) or
hypermetropia (where light focuses behind the retina), occurs due to the shape or
size of the eye. Nearly 53% of the Indian population is affected by one type of refractive
error. These common vision issues can lead to blurred vision and difficulty focusing on
objects at various distances. However, with the advancement in eye care, these refractive
errors can be effectively addressed. Eyeglasses, contact lenses, and, in some cases,
surgical procedures offer viable solutions, correcting vision and enhancing the overall
visual experience for affected individuals.
What are the types of Refractive errors?
There are 4 common types of refractive errors:
● Nearsightedness (myopia) makes far-away objects look blurry.
● Farsightedness (hyperopia) makes nearby objects look blurry.
● Astigmatism can make far-away and nearby objects look blurry or distorted.
● Presbyopia makes it hard for middle-aged and older adults to see things up close.
What are the symptoms of Refractive errors?
The most common symptom is blurry vision. Other symptoms include:
● Squinting
● Headaches
● Eye strain (when your eyes feel tired or sore)
● Trouble focusing when reading or looking at a computer
Some people may not notice the symptoms of refractive errors. It’s important to get eye exams regularly — so your eye doctor can make sure you’re
seeing as clearly as possible. If you wear glasses or contact lenses and still have these symptoms, you might need a new prescription.
Am I at risk for Refractive errors?
Anyone can have refractive errors, but you’re at higher risk if you have family members who wear glasses or contact lenses. Most types of refractive
errors, like nearsightedness, usually start in childhood and increase through teenage years. Presbyopia is common in adults ages 45 and older.
What causes Refractive errors?
Refractive errors can be caused by:
● Eyeball length (when the eyeball grows too long or too short)
● Problems with the shape of the cornea (the clear outer layer of the eye)
● Aging of the lens (an inner part of the eye that is normally clear and helps the eye focus)
How to check for Refractive errors?
Your doctor will ask you to read letters that are up close and far away. Then, they may give you some eye drops to dilate (widen) your pupil and check for
hidden powers.
Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)
An eye examination, including a refraction test, helps diagnose refractive errors. During this test, the eye doctor determines the prescription needed for corrective lenses by measuring how light is focused in your eyes.
While some refractive errors have a genetic component, preventive measures include maintaining eye health, regular eye check-ups, and adopting healthy visual habits such as taking breaks during prolonged screen use.
Refractive errors are commonly corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses. Refractive surgery, such as LASIK, PRK, or implantable lenses, provides surgical alternatives for certain cases.
Refractive errors can develop at any age, but they often become noticeable in childhood. Myopia tends to progress during school years, while presbyopia, affecting near vision, usually becomes noticeable after the age of 40.
Yes, some refractive errors, particularly myopia, may progress over time. Regular eye exams are crucial to monitor changes and adjust corrective prescriptions as needed.
Refractive errors can often be effectively managed with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. However, the specific treatment depends on the type and severity of the refractive error.
Most individuals with refractive errors can wear contact lenses. However, factors like eye health, lifestyle, and personal preferences may influence the choice between contact lenses and eyeglasses.
Refractive errors may coexist with other eye conditions. Regular eye check-ups help detect and address any additional eye health concerns that may be present. Remember, if you have specific concerns about your vision or experience changes in eyesight, it’s essential to consult us.