Conjunctivitis, often known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. This condition leads to symptoms such as redness, itching, tearing, and discharge. It can arise from various causes, including viral and bacterial infections, allergies, or exposure to irritants like chemicals and smoke. While it is generally not serious, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.
Symptoms of conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, include redness of the eye, itching, excessive tearing, and discharge that may be watery or thick. Patients may also experience crusting of the eyelids, particularly upon waking, and sensitivity to light. These symptoms can lead to discomfort and, in some cases, blurry vision. Identifying these signs early is crucial for effective management and treatment of the condition.
Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, can arise from various causes. Viral infections, particularly adenoviruses, are a common source, often accompanied by watery discharge. Bacterial conjunctivitis results from pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, causing thick discharge. Allergic reactions to substances like pollen and dust lead to redness and itching. Additionally, exposure to chemical irritants, long-term contact lens use, and foreign objects in the eye can also trigger this condition.
A healthcare provider will review symptoms, medical history, and perform a physical examination of the eye. Additional tests may be conducted to determine the specific cause of conjunctivitis.
Treatment depends on the cause; viral conjunctivitis typically resolves on its own, while bacterial infections may require antibiotic eye drops. Allergic conjunctivitis is often treated with antihistamines.
Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are contagious and can spread through direct contact or contaminated surfaces. Allergic conjunctivitis, however, is not contagious and is triggered by allergens.
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